Port equipment:

1. Lifting machinery

The lifting machinery is mainly a variety of cranes. The port cranes, portal grab ship unloaders, bridge grab ship unloaders, gantry cranes and floating cranes are more commonly used in ports. Container terminals mainly use quayside container cranes.

(1) Portal crane

It is named after the door-shaped base (door seat), also known as door crane and door operator. The crane has a long boom, a large lifting height, and fast working speed of each mechanism, so it has a large working range and high productivity, and can be equipped with different picking devices.

(2) Portal grab ship unloader

Special-purpose machinery derived from portal cranes, also known as gantry cranes, are mostly used for bulk cargo unloading operations in seaports. The structure is similar to the portal crane, but the portal base is equipped with a funnel and a belt conveyor system for bulk cargo, and the spreader is a grab bucket.

After the grab grabs the bulk cargo from the cabin, after lifting and luffing, the bulk cargo is unloaded into the hopper on the door seat, and then transported to the yard by the belt conveyor system.

(3) Bridge-type grab ship unloader

A special unloading machine for bulk cargo with high productivity. The difference between it and the portal grab ship unloader is that its horizontal moving grab is realized by the grab trolley running on the crane bridge track, not by the pitch of the boom.

(4)Shore container crane

Special cranes for container loading and unloading ships. It is arranged at the front of the container terminal, and its shape is similar to the bridge-type grab ship unloader.

There are many types of quayside container cranes. China currently uses two front and rear door frames and tie rods to form a gantry, the gantry runs along the front track of the wharf, and the bridge is supported on the gantry.

(5) Gantry crane

A bridge crane with the horizontal main beam supported on two rigid outriggers. The crane trolley walks on the track of the main beam. There are two types of gantry cranes: rail type and tire type. The rail type travels along the ground track, and the tire type moves flexibly. Mainly used for yard loading and unloading, stacking containers.

(6) Floating crane

A jib crane mounted on a flat-bottomed ship or a special-purpose ship, also known as a floating crane or a crane ship. It is widely used in loading and unloading operations in seaports and river ports because of its large lifting capacity and maneuverability, and is not affected by changes in water level.